Dependence on Imports of Oil

Annotated imports

Presented simple extensions to scala language related to import statements: exported imports, which provide ability to reuse sequence of import clauses in composable form and default rewriters, which provide mechanism for pluggable macro-based AST transformation of overall compilation unit, activated by import of library object. Using these facilities not only allows more compact code, it preve...

A Note on Oil Dependence and Economic Instability

We show that dependence on foreign energy can increase economic instability by raising the likelihood of equilibrium indeterminacy, hence making ‡uctuations driven by selfful…lling expectations easier to occur. This is demonstrated in a standard neoclassical growth model. Calibration exercises, based on the estimated share of imported energy in production for several countries, show that the de...

Increased Automobile Fuel Efficiency and Synthetic Fuels: Alternatives for Reducing Oil Imports (Part 7 of 14)

Regional water implications of reducing oil imports with liquid transportation fuel alternatives in the United States.

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) is among the cornerstone policies created to increase U.S. energy independence by using biofuels. Although greenhouse gas emissions have played a role in shaping the RFS, water implications are less understood. We demonstrate a spatial, life cycle approach to estimate water consumption of transportation fuel scenarios, including a comparison to current water wi...

Evaluation of the effect of Ferula gummosa essential oil on morphine tolerance and dependence in male mice

Background and Aims: The opioid system plays a key role in opioid tolerance and dependence. On the other hand, they have shown that the opioid system plays a role in the analgesic effects of Ferula gummosa extract. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Ferula gummosa essential oil (FGEO) on morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. Materials and Methods: In t...